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Geography and Early History of South Asia

Pages 160 and 161

1.    The subcontinent of India was once a large island land mass originally part of a greater land mass called ____________________.

2. This massive island crashed into the Asian Continent creating _________________________________.

3. The importance of this land impact was that it created a ______________________ between _______________ and __________.

(1)  The Indian Subcontinent

4. The shape of the Indian subcontinent is a ________________________.

5. To the west of India is ________________, to the east is ____________________ and to the south ________________________.

Pages 162 and 163

6.  ___________________ is a large land mass that is smaller than a continent.

7. Measuring from west Pakistan to Eastern India is about ________________________ miles or ______________ kilometers.

Northern Mountains

8. At least 50 of the mountains of the Himalayas are more than ______________________ miles high.

9. The Hindu Kush are __________________ in northwest India. The word kush means _________________.

10. The most famous passage through the Himalayas is called the _____________________________.

11. The most holy river of India is the _________________ and runs from ______________ to ______________________.

12. This desert is about 100,000 square miles in the north west of India and part of Pakistan. ________________________.

Pages 164 and 165

13. In central India lies a large plane crossed by rivers and rolling hills called the ____________________________.

14. In mythology the Vindhya Mountains became smaller whenthey shrank in shame when____________________ the wise man saw them

15. What prevented many Europeans from entering the interior of India? __________________

(2) Climate and Resources

16. People from around India each spring listen for weather news from this small place in southern India. ______________________.

Pages 166 and 167

The Monsoons

17. Monsoons are ____________________ and come to India _____________ time(s) a year.

18. In the spring in India seeds must take root (a. before, b. during, c. after)____________________________the summer rains come.

19. The soil in Bangladesh is know to be very _______________________.

20. The greatest problem Bangladesh has with weather is its _____________________________.

Waves As High As Mountains

21. In 1991 a cyclone hit Bangladesh. About how many people were killed? ______________________________.

Pages 168 and 169

Rainfall and Vegetation

22. The wettest part of South Asia includes the countries of _______________________________  Average rainfall <______ inches.

Natural Resources

23. Most fertile soil in India is where_______________________________ located where? _________________________

People of South Asia

23. The number of people in South Asia is about ____________________ and account for ________ percent of world population.

Pages 170 and 171

24. The country of Nepal has about _______ languages spoken.

25. The way that English became common in India was through _________________________________.

Pages 170 and 171

(3) Early Civilizations of India

26. Thousands of years ago there was an ancient civilization along the Indus Valley called ____________________________.

Indus Valley Civilizations

27. The level of city planning suggests what about the early cities of India and Pakistan? _____________________________.

28. Archeologists have found small clay seals in the Indus Valley.  What is the problem? _____________________________.

Pages 172 and 173

Decline of the Civilization

29. What is the latest thinking on why the Indus cities declined about 4000 years ago? ____________________________________.

30. In 1950 what was Sir Mortimer Wheeler’s biggest problem in his dig at Mohenjo-Daro? _______________________________.

Arrival of the Aryans

31. Where did the warlike Aryans come from? _________________________

Aryan Culture

32. To what factor is given the major success of the Aryans conquests in the Indus Valley? _________________________________

33. The Aryan oral tradition of hymns and prayers are called the _______________________.

34. The written language that the Aryans developed is called _________________

35. The hereditary chiefs that ruled Aryan villages were called ________________________

36. At the top of the Varna order of the Aryans were what group? ____________________________

Heritage of South Asia

(1) Religious Traditions

Hindu Beliefs

Pages 176 and 177

36. India is the birthplace of what two religions? ____________________________________________

37. What are the three basic units of Indian society that shapes the lives even of ordinary people? _____________________________

38. In the 19th century what changed the fundamental structure of Indian society? ______________________________

Pages 178 and 179

39. The roots of the Hindu religion come from where? ____________________________________

40. The two most important texts of  Hinduism are _________________________________________________________

41. The two greatest Indian epic poems are called ___________________________________________________________

42. The nameless, formless unlimited force in the Hindu religion is called ________________________

43. The three main gods of Hinduism: ____________________________________________________-

44. All things in nature share the same soul. What Hindu behavior and belief comes from this. ________________________

Pages 180 and 181

Buddhism

45. The person who was to become the Buddha. His original name was ______________________________

46. Buddha was born about ___________ years ago in the present country of _______________________

47. Suffering is universal; the cause of suffering is desire; end suffering by crushing desire; and end desire by following the Eightfold path. These four principals of Buddhism are called: ___________________________________________-

48. The book of Buddha’s beliefs is called _________________________________________--

49. _______________________ Buddhists stress the monastic life to gain nirvana;

Pages 182 and 183

Other Religious Traditions

50. Another religious tradition of India is Janism. They emphasize ahimsa or ______________________________

51. ________________________ is a religion that combines some traditions of Buddhism and Islam

(2) Powerful Empires

52. In 321 B.C. E. Chandragupta the first ruler to unite the northern plane of India found the _________________________ Empire.

Pages 184 and 185

53. The greatest leader of this empire was Asoka. What stopped him from killing more people? _____________________________

__

54. What kinds of shrines did Asoka build to spread Buddhism and what were they called? _________________________________

Small Kingdoms

55. The ethnicity of the people of southern India is called ______________________________________

The Gupta Empire

56. The most famous poem of the Gupta empire written by Kalidasa was _______________________________

Pages 186 and 187

57. Two important mathematical concepts founded during the Gupta empire: _________________________________________

Muslim Expansion into India

58. Who descended into India from Central Asia in 1389? _________________________________________________

59. What was the result of the meeting of the two religious cultures Muslim and Buddhist? _____________________________

Pages 188 and 189

The Mughal Empire

60. What did Akbar do to help people get along better in his empire? ___________________________________________________

61. During the Mughal Empire painters borrowed from what artistic traditions? ___________________________________________

62. What famous building in Agra was built by Akbar’s grandson? ____________________________________________

(3) Patterns of Life

The Caste System

63. Roughly how many castes and subcastes were there in India? _______________________________________________

64. What was the purpose of the complex rules within the caste system in India? ____________________________________

Pages 190 and 191

65. What caste became the cooks and where were they on the social ladder? ___________________________________

66. Give two areas of social life where the rules of the caste were important? ______________________________________

67. What was a positive outcome of the caste system (perhaps even for the “untouchables”. ____________________________

Village Life

68. Village life had a great differentiation of labor that helped make the village what? _________________________________

Family Life

69.  In a traditional Indian family who is the head of the household? __________________________________________

Pages 192 and 193

Traditional Marriage

70.What was the age difference between Shudha Ghose and Satish Chandra. _____________________

Women’s Lives

71. Women, according to India tradition, had a certain power. A man must marry a woman to be complete. What was this power called? _____________________________

Pages 194 and 195 (Can’t find that page)

Pages 196 and 197

British Rule

72. What were the Indian soldiers who fought under the British but later rebelled called? ___________________________

73. In what year did the British take over India and make it part of its empire? __________________

Pages 198 and 199

Indian Nationalism

74. What was the Indian group that brought more power to Indians under British rule? __________________________________

75. Who worked with this group in the 1920’s to gradually help overthrow British rule? _________________________________

Pages 200 and 201

76. What is the connection between Gandhi’s experience in South Africa and what his people were going through in India? _______            

_________

Pages 202 and 203

77. What profession did Gandhi study as in England? __________________________

78. The largest protest Gandhi organized was about what? And why did he choose this product? ____________________ because ---

Pages 204 and  205

79. Once India and Pakistan divided tremendous rioting broke out between Muslims and Hindus. How many were killed? _________

80. Who assassinated Gandhi and why? _____________________

Page 206 and 207

Dividing and Unifying Forces

81. What was the population of India in 1995? ___________________ and in 2006? ______________________

Page 208 and 209 not done

Page 210 and 211 “Can’t Find that Page”

Page 212 and 213 not done

Page 214 and 215 not done

Page 216 and 217 not done

Pages 218 and 219

Pakistan Since Independence

82. What was East Pakistan’s major gripe against West Pakistan? ___________________________________________________

83. How did East Pakistan eventually get the attention of West Pakistan? _____________________________________________

84. What did East Pakistan need to win the civil war? _____________________________________________________________

85. What is Pakistan’s chief agricultural product and what industry does it supply? ______________________________________

86. What is the greatest natural disaster that Bangladesh must deal with? _________________________________________

87. What are the two main exports of Sri Lanka? ________________________________________